Yakult!

We went to Yakult factory and we listened to a brief explanation about Yakult by their representative.  So I will share here a little bit what we get there. Yakult is basically a pioneer in the field of probiotic. Yakult contains Lactobacillus casei shirota (popularly known as Shirota strain). Shirota strain is scientifically proven to be among the strongest strain as it can survive in gastric juice and bile juice. This Shirota strain reaches the intestines alive, so this product maintains good health by increasing beneficial bacteria, decreasing harmful bacteria and improving the intestinal environment.  It is free from preservatives, colourings and stabilizers and that is why, Yakult only have 1 flavour. 

There is no maximum number of bottles of Yakult that one can drink per day. But 1-2 bottles per day is okay.  It is not a problem to keep yakult outside of the fridge for awhile. Yakult bacteria slowly become active at the range temperature of 15 to 40 degree celcius. When the bacteria become active, it will produce lactic acid thus making Yaklut taste sour. However that is not a problem to drink it.

How to make Yakult?

1.       Mixing of raw ingredients

2 .       Sterilization

3.       Culture tank- temperature of tank is 37 degree celcius and Shirota strain is added.

4.       Mixing and storage tank – temperature is 2 degree celcius.

5.       Injection blow moulding machine – bottles are made from polystyrene

6.       Bottling and packaging

7.       Refrigeration room – finished products are kept refrigerated

This factory which located in Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, is a small factory I can say. But with modern technology and machines, they can produce thousands of Yakult per day. And I can only see few workers. Well the positive side is we know we are getting more modern now and without many workers there, the possibility for Yakult to get contaminated or whatever is less. But the negative side is, this is one of the reasons why many people are unemployed.

Here is the group photo of us there :D

Quiz timeeeeeeeee

Based on the title, I will only talk about the quiz we were playing earlier today hahaha. Because I really love the quizzes we played together. 

These are the flashcards that we created on quizlets.

What so interesting about this quizlet is, from the terms and definition we create on the f;ashcards there,we can also play the terms in form of test, learn, scatter and even in a game called space race!

It took  just a little effort to complete the flashcards and turns out to be more effective ways of learning. 

These are some of terms I include in the flashcards.

We also played few quiz together created by ourselves of course hehe. There were socrative, kahoot and proprof. As my group created the quiz using kahoot, I am going to show to you kahoot only.

 You can just join in at kahoot.it, but the most interesting way to play it is play with classmates. The more the merrier!

 The creator will conduct the whole quiz. Interesting isn't? Sometimes, I really do hope someone actually read my blog because I think I share almost every new things Dr Wan taught us. So that the readers also get the chance to try it because it really benefit us.

Till, then. Thank you again Dr!

Mighty Microbe Game!

Today class was a replacement class. And it was 3 hours lecture!

From 11 am - 2 pm.

Everything went well because from 12-1pm, we played a game which named, Mighty Microbe. The game is nearly the same with UNO game, but there are some modification. For example, we must say the name of microbe written on the card. There are also parasitism and mutualism cards. And few mighty cards. Luckily there are no questions that have to be answered hehehehe.

Basically we played the game because during that time, some of my classmates must attend their BBI class. Here are some of the pictures of us playing the game (but I'm not in the picture).

And here is the picture of cake Dr Wan bought for us hehehehe :D

Well actually we continued our class as usual, but this game was what attract me more haha. I think this is a good game eventho it seems like similar to UNO game. And for me, when we get the mighty draw card, it should have question to be answered there. It doesn't matter if the player have to google or ask other people, as long as they answer it. So I think that it is not necessary for the positive or negative card. Whatever it is, this is just my opinion. 

And this is the questions that I have told before, the questions that Dr Wan gave us. I have answered it. But don't know whether it is correct or wrong.

I guess that's all for today. Thank you Dr Wan! :D

Nomenclature

Hi. It has been a while since the last time I update this blog( it is only a week anyways hehe)

So we continue our class with Dr Wan again yeay. 

The topic was on Nomenclature.

This post will surely be a very short post as the class was only an hour lecture.

Nomenclature: Assignment of names to taxonomic groups in agreement with published rules
 

It is defined by two names. Called the binomial nomenclature   
   • Genus name + specific epithet (species)   
  

General Rules:

1.  Genus name always capitalized (e.g. Escherichia)

2.  Species name is never capitalised (e.g. coli)

 3.  Species name is never used without the genus name (e.g. coli standing alone) 

4.   Genus name may be used without species name (e.g. Escherichia) 

5.  Genus and species are always italicized (or underlined)

6.   First time -- spell out (Escherichia coli), thereafter -- abbreviated (E. coli)

 7.   Species name -- never abbreviated 

8.   Less simple genus abbreviation if different genus start with same alphabet.    e.g. Enterococcus faecalis (En. faecalis)    Escherichia coli (Es. coli) 

Dr Wan did assign us with some simple questions for us to answer. I will include it in my next update. That's all for now!

 

Same day, different lectures

The topic was on Genetic transfer and recombination. In all of the mechanism, transferred involved; --donor cell- that give a portion of its total DNA --recipient cell- that received a portion of DNA from donor cell --parts of donor DNA is incorporated into the recipient DNA --when some of the donor’s DNA has been integrated into the recipient’s DNA, the resultant cell is called a recombinant.

Genetic transfer in prokaryotes:

 

•Transformation –gene transfer from one bacterium to another as ‘naked’ DNA in solution

 •Transduction –donor DNA transfer is mediated by a virus   

       

                                                              

 •Conjugation –transfer involve cell to cell contact –conjugative plasmid is the donor cell

                                                              

Dr Wan is back (for a while) :D

The class was with Dr Wan because Dr Wan wanted to finish virus topic. But we have prepared a mind map few weeks earlier. This is it.

I find this topic interesting because we get to know that virus is not the same with bacteria. Both can cause disease or illness, but in different way. Virus is not living cells. Mechanism used for viral multiplication depends on viral structure and genome •  The steps are – attachment to host cell – entry – uncoating of genome – synthesis  – assembly – release.  I also always interested in cancer disease because actually, al of us have cancer cell, but then whether it is active or inactive. And to make it stay inactive, we should live a very healthy lifestyle. So basically things are depends on us eventually. Sooooooo yes, this is all for this lecture because I have one more lecture to write on hehehehe.